A compromised skin barrier leads to inflammation. Healthy skin is equivalent to a robust external defence: an intact brick-and-mortar structure preventing irritants, allergens and microbes from penetrating while keeping moisture locked in. Genetics can lead to deficiencies in key structural proteins like filaggrin and reduced levels of ceramides, resulting in a ‘leaky’ skin barrier. Allergens can then easily enter the body, trigger an immune response leading to inflammation, itching and further barrier damage from scratching — a vicious cycle.